楔形和弧形结构入水冲击响应研究

Study of water impact response of wedge-and arc-shaped structures

结构物在入水过程中会受到较大的冲击载荷,严重影响结构、结构内部器件和人员的安全,因此入水问题的研究在船舶和航空航天等领域具有重要意义。本文以楔形体和弧形体为研究对象,自行设计试验系统进行了垂直入水的冲击试验,采用高速摄像机拍摄了结构入水冲击的动态过程,测量了结构在入水过程中冲击加速度和压力响应。采用ALE方法对试验工况进行了数值仿真,并对试验结果和仿真结果进行了对比分析。研究了不同形状、刚度、速度和质量等情况下,结构入水冲击加速度和不同位置处压力响应的变化趋势和影响程度。研究结果可以为入水结构的外形设计和承载能力设计提供技术支撑。

There will be a big load on a capsule structure when it impacts on the water, which has an important effect on the safety of the structure and the people inside. The research of water impact has a practical significance in the fields of aerospace and military. The free-falling test of a wedge-and arc-shaped body model on water was conducted by a self-designed test system, during which the photographs of the free-falling structure are shot by a high speed camera, and the acceleration and the pressure are also measured. The numerical results simulated by ALE method and test data are compared and the effects of different shapes,stiffness, velocity and mass on the acceleration and the pressure are analyzed. The results will provide technical references for the shape design and the load design of water entry structures.