马克思论资产阶级在殖民地的伪善——以《不列颠在印度统治的未来结果》为中心的考察

Marx on the Hypocrisy of the Capitalist in the Colonies---A Study Centered on The Future Results of the British Rule in India

本文以马克思在《不列颠在印度统治的未来结果》中所描述的资产阶级文明分别在其故乡与殖民地两副截然相反的面孔为契入点,全面梳理马克思批判资产阶级文明伪善的系统理论,并指出该批判与唯物史观创立之前的道德批判之间的差异。具体而言,本文呈现马克思批判资产阶级文明在殖民地伪善的内涵并比较其与马克思的道德批判之间的异同,揭示资本主义文明伪善的原因以及指出超越宗主国与殖民地之间矛盾的解决方法。在此基础上,本文提纲挈领地勾勒马克思、恩格斯有关资本主义与殖民地关系的理论对世界民族解放运动的影响和对贸易摩擦加剧与单边主义盛行的当代启示。

This paper starts with the opposite faces which Karl Marx described the capitalist in their homeland and colonies in The Future Results of the British Rule in Indiaas the entry point, takes a comprehensive review of Marx’s criticism on the hypocrisy of the capitalist, and points out the difference between this criticism and the moral criticism before the establishment of historical materialism. Specifically,Marx presents the content of the hypocrisy of capitalism civilization in colonies and compares the difference between this criticism with moral criticism, reveals the reason why capitalism civilization appear hypocrisy in the colonies and points out the solution to contradiction between suzerainty and colony. On this basis, my article outlines the influence of Marx and Engels’ theory of the relationship between capitalism and colonies on national liberation movement in the world and enlightenment on the contemporary era of the increasing trade friction and the prevailing of unilateralism.