土地发展权跨区域流转的现实与前景——一个分析框架

Reality and Prospect of Cross-Regional Transfer of Land Development Right:An Analytical Framework

土地发展权虽未作为一项正式的制度设置,但事实上作为地方政府进行"制度创新"的重要工具,为经济增长和城市化扩张做出了实质性贡献。同时,这种颇具中国特色的土地发展权流转机制具有渐进性特征,正深刻影响中国土地产权制度改革进程。本文在总结我国土地发展权跨区域流转的理论、制度和实践基础上,对土地发展权跨区域流转的前景进行了一个框架性的拓展分析。研究发现,因城乡二元土地制度的异质性,土地发展权跨区域流转将存在迥异的发生机制。国有土地发展权可围绕"建设用地节余指标"这一具象载体进行跨区域流转,农村土地发展权则可围绕特定的"发展权标准单位"这一虚拟载体进行跨区域流转。在此基础上,本文从改革方案、机制设计、交易市场等方面提出了建议。

The land development right has not been set up as a formal system,but in fact,as an important tool for local governments to carry out"institutional innovation",it has made substantial contributions to local economic growth and urbanization expansion.At the same time,this transfer mechanism of land development with Chinese characteristics has gradual characteristics,which profoundly influence the reform process of land property rights system in China.On the basis of summarizing the theory,system and practice of the cross-regional circulation of land development right in China,this paper makes a framework expansion analysis of the prospect of the cross-regional circulation of land development right.The study finds that due to the heterogeneity of urban-rural dual land system,there will be different mechanisms for the cross-regional transfer of land development rights.The state-owned land development right can be transferred across regions around the concrete carrier of"saving index of construction land",while the rural collective economic organization-owned land development right can be transferred across regions around the virtual carrier of specific"standard unit of development right".On this basis,some suggestions are given from the aspects of reform plan,mechanism design and trading market.