儿童变应性鼻炎免疫治疗门诊规范化管理的实践

Practice of standardized management of allergic rhinitis immunotherapy clinics for pediatric patients

目的开展儿童变应性鼻炎免疫治疗门诊医护一体规范化管理并探讨其效果。方法采用方便抽样法,选取2017年1月-2018年1月在某三级甲等医院鼻炎专科门诊接受皮下免疫治疗的101例患儿作为研究对象,成立免疫治疗门诊规范化管理团队,运用新开发的特异性免疫治疗APP平台,建立护患互动交流新模式,通过一系列规范管理对患儿实施延续性护理。分析该管理模式对患儿鼻炎症状的控制、生活质量、家庭管理水平的影响。结果规范化管理1年后,患儿的鼻塞视觉模拟量表评分由(8.23±1.15)分降至(4.07±2.35)分;鼻阻力值由(0.27±0.14) Pa/(cm^3·s)降至(0.15±0.08) Pa/(cm^3·s);生存质量总分由(92.67±5.17)分降至(66.54±4.86)分;家庭管理量表总分由(151.20±5.75)分提升至(189.05±5.97)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论儿童变应性鼻炎门诊规范化管理能有效提高患儿及家长的依从性、提高患儿鼻炎控制水平、降低家庭压力、提高家庭功能、改善其生活质量。

Objective To implement standardized management of allergic rhinitis immunotherapy clinics for pediatric patients and explore its effects. Methods 101 pediatric patients with allergic rhinitis immunotherapy were selected in a tertiary hospital from January 2017 to January 2018 by convenience sampling. Integrated management team was established;new communication methods between patients and medical staff were established through newly developed specific immunotherapy APP platform;continuing nursing for patients was performed by a series of standardized management. Effects on symptom control,quality of life and level of family management were analyzed Results The VAS score of nasal congestion in pediatric patients decreased from(8.23±1.15) to(4.07±2.35);the nasal resistance TR decreased from(0.27±0.14)Pa/(cm^3·s) to(0.15±0.08)Pa/(cm^3·s);the total quality of life was reduced from(92.67±5.17) to(66.54±4.86);the total score of family management scale was increased from(151.20±5.75) to(189.05 ±5.97) after one-year standardized management. The differences were statistically significant(P <0.05).Conclusion The standardized management of allergic rhinitis immunotherapyclinic for pediatric patients can effectively improve the compliance of pediatric patients and parents,improve the control level of rhinitis,reduce family pressure and improve family function and quality of life.