基于效用分类的智能电网实时电价算法

A real-time pricing algorithm based on utility classification in a smart grid

在智能电网实时定价过程中,针对家庭住宅用户,大工业、商业用户分别采用不同效用函数,改变了以往所有用户仅考虑单一效用函数的局限,使用多类效用函数模拟不同用户的消费偏好,研究了含有多类用户并存的社会福利最大化模型。根据市场供需平衡才能达到社会福利最大化原理,利用KKT最优性条件,分别计算供电侧的最优产电量和用电侧的最优用电量,得到了相应的分布式实时电价更新算法,保护了用户的隐私。通过数值仿真对分布式实时电价算法与固定电价算法相比较,证实了该算法的有效性、收敛性。

In the real-time pricing process of a smart grid, different utility functions were adopted for household residential users, large industrial users and commercial users respectively in order to improve the limitation caused by that for all the users only a single utility function was condisered in the past.The consumption preference of different users was simulated with multi-utility functions, and the social welfare maximization model considering multi-user coexistence was studied. According to the principle that the social welfare can be maximized only by balancing supply and demand in the market, using the KKT condition, the optimal power generation on the power demand side and the optimal power consumption on the power demand side were calculated respectively, and then a corresponding distributed real-time electricity price updating algorithm was put forward. The privacy of the user was guaranteed. A numerical simulation shows that, comparing with the fixed electricity price algorithm, the better efficiency and convergency of the distributed real-time electricity price algorithm can be proved.