论中国共产党的政党调适性——以各时期党的根本任务变迁为视角

On the Adaptability of The Communist Party of China--From the Perspective of the Change of the Party's Fundamental Tasks in Different Periods

调适性是借用自生物学的概念,意指生物对环境的适应能力。亨廷顿较早在政治学领域使用调适性来描述政权组织的制度化水平。这一术语后来被广泛运用于政党研究,发展出政党调适性这一概念。具体地说,政党调适性就是指政党维持自身发展的重要能力与特征。国外中国研究的大量文献都关注到中国共产党的政党调适性。事实也是如此,从新民主主义革命时期直至今天的新时代,中国共产党始终保持良好的调适性。具体表现为,在中国社会发展的各个不同历史阶段,中国共产党总能适时地分析不同时期中国社会的主要矛盾,并据此调整其根本任务,以有效地回应社会进步与政治发展的要求,从而保证社会革命与中国共产党的自我革命统筹推进。中国共产党是现代中国最核心的政治力量,而政党调适性,可以说正是理解中国政治的关键。

A concept in biology,adaptability originally means the ability of organisms to adapt to the environment.In the field of politics,Samuel P.Huntington used adaptability to describe the institutionalization of regime structure.Later,this term was widely applied to the study of political parties,and the concept of party adaptability came into being.Specifically,party adaptability refers to the important ability and characteristics of political parties to maintain their own development.A large number of China Studies texts overseas have focused on the party adaptability of CPC.From the New Democratic Revolution to the New Era,CPC has always maintained good adaptability.Specifically,at different historical stages of China's social development,CPC can always timely analyze the major contradictions in different periods of China's society,and accordingly adjust its fundamental tasks to effectively respond to the requirements of social progress and political development,so as to ensure the social revolution and the CPC's self-revolutionary co-ordination.CPC is the core political force in modern China,and the party adaptability is the key to understand Chinese politics.