真菌生物膜及其在眼部疾病中的研究进展

Research advances regarding fungal biofilms and related ocular diseases

难治性真菌感染的临床研究发现,感染病灶的真菌病原体常以生物膜的形式存在。生物膜是一种由菌体产生的细胞外基质包裹着有特定功能和复杂结构的菌细胞群体所形成的结构。生物膜的形成可帮助真菌躲避宿主细胞免疫系统清除和药物的攻击,从而造成持续性感染,威胁人类健康。近年来,已发现生物膜可以在人工晶状体、角膜接触镜、巩膜扣带等眼内植入物表面形成。同时,越来越多的证据表明真菌生物膜在眼内炎、角膜炎等眼部感染性疾病中起重要作用。因此,对真菌生物膜及其与眼部疾病相关性的研究具有重要的临床意义。本文对真菌生物膜的形成及结构、生物膜形成的影响因素、生物膜的耐药机制、治疗策略及其在眼科疾病中的研究进行综述。

Clinical studies on refractory fungal infections have revealed that fungal pathogens in infected lesions often existed in the form of biofilms.A biofilm is a complex of microbial communities enclosed in an extracellular matrix.Biofilm formation helps the fungus evade host cellular immune system clearance and the attacks of drugs,causing persistent infections and then threatening human health.In recent years,research has shown that biofilms can form on the surfaces of intraocular lenses,corneal contact lenses,scleral buckles and other intraocular implants.Moreover,growing evidence shows that fungal biofilms play an important role in ocular infectious diseases,such as endophthalmits and keratitis.Therefore,the study of fungal biofilms and their correlations with ocular diseases is of considerable clinical significance.In this study,we focused on the formation and structure of fungal biofilms,the factors influencing biofilms formation,resistance mechanism,treatment strategies and the association of biofilms in ocular disease.