早产儿支气管肺发育不良的家庭氧疗及管理

Home oxygen therapy and management for preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

早产儿较足月儿更易出现反复发作的低氧血症而导致不良预后。家庭氧疗(HOT)可以改善预后。超未成熟儿、小于胎龄儿、长时间机械通气、严重的支气管肺发育不良(BPD)的早产儿是需要HOT的高危人群。由于国内HOT尚处于起步阶段,因此,实施HOT的临床意义、如何识别需要HOT的高危人群以及HOT实施及随访管理等方面内容是儿科医生需要关注的问题。

Preterm infants are more vulnerable to intermittent hypoxia than term infants which results in adverse outcomes,and home oxygen therapy(HOT)is helpful to improve prognosis.Extremely premature infants,small for gestational age,prolonged duration on mechanical ventilation,severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia are major predictors for infants requiring HOT at discharge. Because HOT is not widely administered in China,the following aspects are what pediatrians need to pay attention to,including the clinical significance of performing HOT,how to identify infants at risk of HOT,administration and management of HOT and prognosis of infants.