中国西北非高发区鼻咽癌IMRT远期疗效和不良反应分析

Long-term efficacy and adverse reactions of intensity-modulated radiotherapy for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in non-endemic northwest China

目的回顾性分析中国西北非高发地区鼻咽癌特点及IMRT的远期疗效、不良反应,并对既往开展IMRT技术以来10年治疗非高发区鼻咽癌经验进行总结。方法回顾性分析2006-2016年空军军医大学第一附属医院放疗科连续收治的初诊的排除远处转移的鼻咽癌患者658例。放疗技术均为IMRT。Kaplan-Meier法生存分析,Cox模型预后多因素分析。结果西北非高发区鼻咽癌以初诊局部晚期比例高,分化亚型病理类型比例高为临床特点。全组患者5年总生存(OS)、无瘤生存(DFS)、局部无复发生存(LRFS)、区域无复发生存(RRFS)、无远转生存(DMFS)率分别为75.7%、70.1%、91.2%、97.0%、81.0%。多因素预后分析显示年龄、病理类型、鼻咽部肿瘤体积≥23cm3和颈部淋巴结转移伴坏死者为DFS预后不良因素(P<0.05);年龄、病理类型、颈部淋巴结转移伴坏死为OS预后不良因素(P<0.05);N分期、颈部淋巴结转移伴坏死为DMFS预后不良因素(P<0.05)。结论经IMRT个体化治疗经验积累,取得与高发区类似的疗效。诱导化疗联合放化同期治疗或为非高发区局部进展期鼻咽癌获益的方案。

Objective To retrospectively analyze the characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma,long-term efficacy,adverse reactions of intensity-modulated radiotherapy(IMRT)in non-endemic northwest China and summarize the experience of IMRT in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the past decade.Methods Clinical data of 658 patients newly diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma without distant metastasis admitted to First affiliated hospital from January 2006 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were treated with IMRT.The survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier method.The multivariate analysis was conducted with Cox’s regression model.Results In non-endemic northwest China,a large proportion of patients were newly diagnosed with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma,and a majority of them were pathologically characterized as differentiated subtypes.The 5-year overall survival(OS),disease-free survival(DFS),local recurrence-free survival(LRFS),regional recurrence-free survival(RRFS)and distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS)rates were 75.7%,70.1%,91.2%,97.0%and 81.0%,respectively.Multivariate analysis showed that age,pathological type,nasopharyngeal tumor volume>23 cm3 and neck lymph node metastasis complicated with necrosis were the factors of poor prognosis of DFS(all P<0.05).Age,pathological type,neck lymph node metastasis complicated with necrosis were the factors of poor prognosis of OS(all P<0.05).N stage and neck lymph node metastasis complicated with necrosis were the factors of poor prognosis of DMFS(both P<0.05).Conclusions Similar clinical efficacy has been achieved in terms of IMRT for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in non-endemic northwest China compared with that in endemic area.Induction chemotherapy combined with concurrent radiochemotherapy can provide clinical benefits for patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma in non-endemic area.