中国装备制造产业创新网络运行效率及提升策略研究

Research on Operational Efficiency Measurement and Promotion Strategies of China’s Equipment Manufacturing Industry Innovation Network

通过分析装备制造产业创新网络运行机理,选取BBC模型、Malmquist指数作为运行效率测度模型,结合装备制造产业创新网络面板数据对其运行效率进行测度,结果表明:2008—2018年中国装备制造产业创新网络整体运行效率以平均每年8.7%的速度递增;从地区角度看,创新网络运行效率呈“东—中—西”阶梯差异态势,但差异态势逐年缩小;从省份角度看,全国26个省份运行效率存在异质性,大体可分为第一、二、三、四梯队;技术水平进步对全要素生产率增长的提升作用要大于纯技术效率和规模效率贡献;技术研发阶段效率低于成果转化阶段效率,两阶段存在脱节现象。创新网络是推动装备制造产业创新升级的重要力量之一,中国要坚定不移地推进创新驱动战略,以提升装备制造产业创新网络运行效率;依据不同地区、不同省份装备制造产业创新网络状况,实施差异化政策组合,以提升运行效率;注重研发技术市场化,以提升成果转化阶段效率。

By analyzing the operation mechanism of the equipment manufacturing industry innovation network,the DEA and Malmquist indexes are selected as the measurement model of operation efficiency,and the operation efficiency of the equipment manufacturing industry innovation network panel data is measured in combination with the provincial equipment manufacturing industry innovation network panel data.The measurement results show that:from 2008 to 2018,the overall operating efficiency of China’s equipment manufacturing innovation network increased at an average annual rate of 8.7%;From a regional perspective,the operating efficiency of the innovation network is in a“east-middle-west”step difference,but the difference is shrinking year by year.From the perspective of the provinces,the operating efficiency of 26 provinces across the country is heterogeneous and can be roughly divided into first,The second,third,and fourth echelons;the advancement of technology level has a greater effect on the growth of total factor productivity than the contribution of pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency;the efficiency in the technology research and development phase is lower than that in the achievement transformation phase,and there is a disconnection between the two phases.Innovation network is one of the important forces to promote the innovation and upgrading for equipment manufacturing industry.China should unswervingly promote innovation driven strategy to improve the operation efficiency for innovative network of equipment manufacturing industry;implement differentiated policies based on the state of the innovation network in different regions and provinces to promote the operation efficiency;pays attention to the marketization of R&D technology to improve the stage efficiency of achievement transformation Rate.