Nef蛋白与HIV-1的潜伏感染

Nef protein and latent infection of HIV-1

1型艾滋病病毒(HIV-1)感染可引起严重的全身免疫系统损害最终导致患者死亡。抗病毒治疗(ART)可有效抑制病毒复制,从而提高HIV-1感染者的存活率,但长期ART并不能清除HIV-1潜伏库。一旦停止抗病毒治疗,病毒再度复制将不可避免地发生。作为HIV-1表达的早期蛋白之一,Nef可经多种途径调节宿主细胞的功能状态及病毒自身复制状况,从而可能影响HIV-1的潜伏感染。本文就Nef蛋白影响HIV-1潜伏感染的可能机制和途径做一综述,为HIV-1防治提供新的思路和线索。

Human immunodeficiency virus-1(HIV-1)infection causes severe damage to immune system and ultimately leads to death of infected patients.Anti-retroviral therapy(ART)can effectively inhibit viral replication and increase the survival rate of infected patients.However,a long-term ART is unable to clear the latent reservoir of infection.Once antiviral therapy stops,viral replication will inevitably reoccur.As one of the early proteins expressed by HIV-1,Nef protein is capable of regulating the functional status of host cells and viral replication through various pathways,thus it may affect HIV-1 latency.This review will focus on the potential mechanisms and pathways that Nef protein may exploit to affect HIV-1 latency,which provides new insights and clues for the prevention and treatment of HIV-1 infection.