盆腔炎的诊治进展

Progress in diagnosis and treatment of pelvic inflammatory diseases

盆腔炎是由女性上生殖道(子宫内膜、输卵管、卵巢或盆腔腹膜)感染引起的炎症性疾病。盆腔炎是一种常见的疾病,与不孕、慢性盆腔疼痛、输卵管卵巢脓肿、异位妊娠等疾病发生有关。当临床表现为非特异性的体征和症状时,可能发生诊断延迟。即使盆腔炎得到了正确的诊断,其治疗方法也常常不尽如人意。基于循证证据,本综述为盆腔炎患者的诊断、治疗、处置和随访提出建议。

Pelvic inflammatory disease is an infection-induced inflammation of the female upper reproductive tract(the endometrium,fallopian tubes,ovaries,or pelvic peritoneum).Pelvic inflammatory disease is a common disease that is associated with significant complications including infertility,chronic pelvic pain,ruptured tubo-ovarian abscess,and ectopic pregnancy.The diagnosis may be delayed when the presentation has nonspecific signs and symptoms.Even when it is properly identified,pelvic inflammatory disease is often treated suboptimally.This review provides evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis,treatment,disposition,and follow-up of patients with pelvic inflammatory disease.