关于斑秃治疗的新进展

Update of Therapy on Alopecia Areata

目前,斑秃的发病机制尚不完全明确,生长期毛囊免疫赦免破坏可能是导致斑秃的关键因素。斑秃对患者生命安全不构成威胁,但可加重患者精神心理负担,导致焦虑、抑郁、社交障碍等。目前临床有效的斑秃治疗方法主要包括局部或系统糖皮质激素治疗、二苯环丙烯酮介导的局部免疫治疗、外用促毛发生长剂(米诺地尔)等,但治疗效果欠佳,且治疗中断常导致斑秃复发。近年来出现的许多斑秃治疗新方法的安全性和有效性亦不确定。

The collapse of the immune privilege of the anagen hair follicle is now accepted as a critical element in alopecia areata pathogenesis,although the specific pathogenesis is still not completely clear.alopecia areata does not intimidate the patients’life,but it can lead to psychological problems,such as anxiety,depression and social disorder.At present,there are several treatments available for alopecia areata,such as topical or systemic administration of glucocorticoids,diphenylcycloproterenone topical immunotherapy,and the hair growth enhancer minoxidil,etc.However,the effect of these therapies is unsatisfactory,with relapse often seen after withdrawal of the treatments.In recent years,many new treatments of alopecia areata have emerged,but the safety and effectiveness are still not certain.