社区女性对宫颈癌及相关知识的认知调查

Cognitive survey of cervical cancer and related knowledge among community women

目的:了解社区女性对于宫颈癌及相关知识的认知情况,为后续开展健康教育提供依据。方法:于2018年5月采用简单随机抽样方法抽取525名浦东新区女性,包括4家社区卫生服务中心的114名医务工作者、355名辖区内的社区居民及56名辖区所在高校的大学生,采用问卷形式进行调研,共获得有效问卷525份。结果:问卷得分最高为32.50分,最低为1.00分,平均得分为(12.15±0.32)分,此次被调查者对宫颈癌及相关知识的总体认知程度较差。单因素分析显示,现住地、文化程度、职业、月收入、是否愿意接受宫颈癌筛查和是否愿意接种HPV疫苗都与社区女性的认知程度相关(P<0.05)。除医务人员外,其他职业认知程度较差的占比几乎皆为七成以上。社区女性获得宫颈癌相关知识的途径较多,网络作为新兴媒体,是大部分女性获取宫颈癌及相关知识的主要来源。结论:社区女性宫颈癌总体认知程度较差。医务人员作为健康知识的传播者,其认知情况仍然不理想,建议医务工作者进行针对性、系统性的宫颈癌相关知识学习,提升自身业务水平。同时应开展有针对性、趣味性的宫颈癌及相关知识宣教,运用多种方式使社区女性了解宫颈癌、重视宫颈癌,从而主动预防和筛查宫颈癌。

Objective:To understand the awareness of cervical cancer and related knowledge among community women so as to provide basis for subsequent health education.Methods:In May 2018,525 women from Pudong New District were selected by simple random sampling method,including 114 medical workers from 4 community health service centers,355 community residents in the jurisdiction,and 56 students in the universities under the jurisdiction,questionnaires were used to conduct research,and 525 valid questionnaires were obtained.Results:The questionnaire scored a maximum of 32.50 points,the lowest score was 1.00 points,the average score was(12.15±0.32)points,and the overall awareness of cervical cancer and related knowledge of the respondents was poor.Univariate analysis showed that current living place,education,occupation,monthly income,willingness to receive cervical cancer screening,and whether or not they were willing to receive HPV vaccine were associated with cognitive level in community women(P<0.05).Except for medical staff,the proportion of other occupations with a low level of cognition was almost 70%.There were multiple ways for community women to acquire cervical cancer-related knowledge.As a new media,the Internet was the main source for most women to acquire cervical cancer and related knowledge.Conclusion:The community women have a poor cognition of cervical cancer.As the disseminators of health knowledge,the cognitive situation of medical workers is still not ideal.It is suggested that medical workers should carry out targeted and systematic cervical cancer-related knowledge learning to improve their professional level.At the same time,targeted and interesting propaganda and education on cervical cancer and related knowledge should be carried out to make community women understand cervical cancer and attach importance to cervical cancer so as to actively prevent and screen cervical cancer.