上海华漕社区托幼机构保教人员健康素养影响因素与健康教育效果研究

Study of the influential factors of health literacy and the effect of health education on the caregivers and teachers in childcare institutions in Huajing Community of Shanghai

目的:对上海市华漕社区公办及民办托幼机构保教人员的健康素养水平进行调查,为制定保教人员的健康教育方案提供依据。方法:于2017年10月—2018年5月选取上海市闵行区华漕社区14家托幼机构的626名保教人员为调查对象,在进行健康教育干预前和干预后分别对其健康素养水平进行问卷调查。结果:不同年龄、学校性质、文化程度和岗位的保教人员,其健康素养的得分差异有统计学意义,学校性质和文化程度为健康素养水平的影响因素。干预前仅有34.86%的保教人员具有健康素养,干预后具有健康素养的保教人员比例增加至62.75%;干预后保教人员在科学健康观维度的健康素养率有所下降,其他维度具有健康素养的保教人员比例均有所增加。结论:影响健康素养的一个重要因素是文化程度。科学健康观、慢性病防治及健康生活方式与行为这几个方面是托幼机构保教人员健康教育知识的薄弱环节,今后应加强相关方面的知识宣教。

Objective:To investigate the health literacy level of caregivers and teachers in public and private childcare institutions in Huaying Community of Shanghai in order to provide a basis for formulating health education programs for caregivers and teachers.Methods:From October 2017 to May 2018,626 caregivers and teachers from 14 childcare institutions in Huaying Community of Minhang District,Shanghai were selected as the survey objects,and before and after health education intervention,the level of their health literacy was investigated by the questionnaire.Results:There are statistically significant differences in the scores of health literacy among caregivers and teachers of the different ages,school nature,education level and position,and the nature of school and education level were the factors that influence the level of health literacy.Before the intervention,only 34.86%of the caregivers and teachers had health literacy,and after the intervention,the proportion of health educators with health literacy increased to 62.75%;after the intervention,the health literacy rate of the caregivers and teachers in the dimension of scientific health concept decreased,and the proportion of caregivers and teachers in other dimensions increased.Conclusion:An important factor affecting health literacy is education.The scientific health concept,the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases,and healthy lifestyles and behaviors are the weak links in the health education knowledge of caregivers and teachers in childcare institutions,and in the future,relevant aspects of knowledge education should be strengthened.