安徽省六安市3~6岁儿童生活质量和相关影响因素分析

Quality of life of children aged 3 to 6 years and analysis of its influencing factors in Lu′an City,Anhui Province

目的了解安徽省六安老区学龄前儿童生活质量及其关键影响因素,有效指导儿童保健工作。方法2016年5-7月采用儿童生存质量测定量表PedsQOL 4.0中文版对2512名3~6岁儿童家长进行问卷调查并做统计分析。结果1)单因素分析显示,儿童生理、情感、社会和角色功能四维度及总得分5~6岁均高于3~、4~岁年龄组(P<0.05);2)正常儿童生活质量指标得分高于患慢性病和近两周患病或受伤儿童(P<0.01);3)有母亲陪伴的儿童所有生活质量指标都高于没有母亲陪伴的儿童(P<0.01);4)有住房的儿童得分高于租房的儿童(P<0.01);5)多重线性回归分析显示,对生活质量4个维度有显著影响的有4个因素,分别为最近两周是否患病或受伤、慢性病、年龄以及是否与母亲住一起(P<0.05或<0.01)。结论影响3~6岁儿童生活质量的关键因素是儿童的健康和有无母亲陪伴。因此,加强儿童保健,宣传亲子关系对提高老区儿童生活质量意义重大。

Objective To understand the quality of life of preschool children in Lu′an City,Anhui Province and to analyze its influencing factors,so as to effectively guide children′s health care work.Methods A total of 2512 children aged 3 to 6 years were enrolled in this study,and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory(PedsQOL)4.0 was filled out by their parents from May to July in 2016.Results 1)Univariate analysis showed the overall score of PedsQOL 4.0 and the scores of four dimensions in 5 to 6-year-old children,including physical functioning,emotional functioning,social functioning and school functioning,were significantly higher than those in 3-year-old children and 4-year-old children(P<0.05).2)The score of PedsQOL 4.0 in healthy children was significantly higher than that in children with chronic disease,injured within two weeks(P<0.01).3)The score of PedsQOL 4.0 in children with mother company was significantly higher than that in children without mother company(P<0.01).4)The score of PedsQOL 4.0 in children with their own house was significantly higher than that in children dwelling in a renting house(P<0.01).5)Multiple linear regression analysis showed that there were four significant factors influencing the four dimensions of quality of life,including whether sick/injured or not over the last two weeks,chronic disease,age and whether living with their mother or not(P<0.05 or<0.01).Conclusions Children′s physical condition and mother company are key factors affecting children′s quality of life.Therefore,it is of great significance to strengthen children′s health care and promote the education on parent-child relationship.