促性腺激素释放激素激动剂在子宫内膜异位症术后的应用进展

Progress in Application of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonists in Postoperative Endometriosis

子宫内膜异位症(EM)是指在子宫内膜以外的部位,出现具有活性的子宫内膜组织,其主要临床特征为渐进性或周期性的疼痛及盆腔粘连等,是临床较为常见的妇科疾病之一。作为一种良性疾病,EM具有浸润、种植、复发等恶性生物学行为,目前其首选治疗方法为手术治疗。但由于EM是一种雌激素依赖性疾病,其术后存在的主要问题为复发,故术后药物治疗越来越多地被用于维持EM术后疗效及预防复发。虽然临床治疗EM的药物多种,但均有其局限性,其中促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRH-a)是目前公认的非手术治疗EM最有效的药物。GnRH-a用药方案较多,而如何根据个体差异合理用药未来需深入研究。

Endometriosis( EM) refers to the presence of active endometrial tissue outside the endometrium,and its main clinical features are progressive or periodic pain and pelvic adhesion,which is one of the most common gynecologic diseases.As a benign disease,EM has malignant biological behaviors such as infiltration,implantation and recurrence. Currently,the preferred treatment is surgical treatment. However,because EM is an estrogen dependent disease,and its main problem is recurrence,so postoperative medication is more and more used to maintain the efficacy and prevent the recurrence. Although there are many kinds of drugs for clinical treatment of EM,they all have their limitations,among which gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist( GnRH-a) is the most effective drug for non-surgical treatment of EM. There are many GnRH-a medication schemes,but how to use them reasonably according to individual differences needs further study in the future.