游离脂肪酸受体4调控能量代谢的途径与分子机制

Pathways and Molecular Mechanism of Free Fatty Acid Receptor 4 in Metabolism Regulation

游离脂肪酸(FFA)是调节机体能量代谢的重要物质,可通过胞内代谢所产生的中间产物或在胞外激活细胞膜上G蛋白偶联受体调节代谢。FFA受体4(FFAR4)是FFA激活的一种膜受体,表达于下丘脑、胃肠道、脂肪、肝脏和舌等多种与物质代谢相关的组织,可影响激素和细胞因子等分泌,通过多个途径调节机体代谢过程,包括影响下丘脑摄食中枢活动,调节胃肠内分泌,改变脂肪细胞状态,参与肝脏代谢,影响味觉和食物喜好等。FFAR4激动剂可通过以上作用增加机体能量消耗,有望用于肥胖和2型糖尿病的治疗。

Free fatty acids( FFA) are important in regulating energy metabolism,and they regulate body metabolism not only by intracellular metabolism but also by activating the G-protein coupled receptor on the extracellular membrane. FFA receptor 4( FFAR4) is a membrane receptor activated by FFA,which is expressed in hypothalamus,gastrointestinal tract,fat,liver and tongue and other tissues related to body metabolism,which can affect the secretion of hormones and cytokines,regulate the metabolic process of the body through many ways,including affecting the activity of feeding center of hypothalamus,regulating gastrointestinal endocrine,changing the state of fat cells,and participating in liver metabolism,thereby affecting taste and food preference,etc. FFAR4 agonists are able to increase energy consumption through the above mentioned function and are expected as the candidates for the therapy of obesity and diabetes.