《素问纠略》作者、版本考

A Textual Research of the Author and the Edition of the Su Wen Jiu Lue

《素问纠略》一书的作者及版本历来说法不一。《明史》记为杨慎,但考查杨慎文集《升庵全集》《升庵外集》均不见此书;丹波元胤《中国医籍考》认为此书应是朱丹溪所作。本文就此提出疑问,考查杨慎著述的主客观条件。首先,从史传及杨慎诗文中可知,他曾研习医籍,知晓医理,其医学著作《男女脉位图说》序文更反映了他欲纠辨古人的愿望,是为他著《素问纠略》的主观条件或内部条件;其次,杨慎晚年贬谪至西南地区,恶病缠身,曾学医自疗,且喜好上山采药,这为他创作《素问纠略》提供了外部条件;加之同僚何宇度、名医何时希的记载为旁证,杨慎著《素问纠略》三卷是成立的。而针对杨慎文集不见此书,一卷本著者题为朱丹溪、周木等人的事实,本文认为是版本不一所致。即:名为《素问纠略》的医书实有两个版本:其一为前述杨慎所著的三卷本,已经亡佚;其二为周木辑佚或假托元代朱震亨所作的《素问纠略》一卷本,现存抄本。由此,《素问纠略》作者及版本问题得以澄清。

In history,the author and the edition of the book Su Wen Jiu Lue are considered different by many people.The author is recorded as Yang Shen in the book Ming Shi,but it is not found in Yang Shen's collection of works which are Sheng An Quan Ji and Sheng An Wai Ji;in the Study of Chinese Medical Records written by Dan bo Yuanyin,it is believed that this book should be written by Zhu Danxi.This article raises questions about this and examines the subjective and objective conditions of Yang Shen's work.First of all,it can be seen from historical biography and Yang Shen's poems that he studied medical books and knew medical theory.The preface of his medical work named The Map of Men and Women's Pulse Position reflected his desire to correct and distinguish the idea of ancients.These are the subjective or internal condition for his work Su Wen Jiu Lue;secondly,in his later years,Yang Shen was relegated to the southwest,suffering from a lot of diseases.He studied medicine to treat himself,and liked to go up the mountain to collect herbs,which provided external conditions for his creation of the Su Wen Jiu Lue;in addition,the records of his colleague He Yudu and the famous doctor He Shixi are circumstantial evidence that Yang Shen wrote three volumes of Su Wen Jiu Lue.In view of the absence of this book in Yang Shenwen's collection,the author of the first volume of the book is Zhu Danxi,Zhou Mu and others,in this paper,the author thinks that it is caused by different versions.There are actually two versions of the medical books named Su Wen Jiu Lue:one is the three volumes of Yang Shen's works,which have been lost;the other is the volume of Su Wen Jiu Lue compiled by Zhou Mu or the one volume of Su Wen Jiu Lue made by Zhu Zhenheng in the Yuan Dynas-ty,which left the extant copy.Thus,the author and edition of the book can be clarified.