论中医学的生态学属性

On the Ecological Attribute of Chinese Medicine

中医学注重从整体上把握人的生命活动,讲求人体内部各组织器官的有机协调,强调人与自然环境内部的动态平衡,致力于恢复人体最本然的状态,与生态学的整体性、有机性、动态性、绿色性等观念息息相关。中医学的"整体观念"和"以人为本"的认识论认为,人类作为自然界的一部分,应当顺应自然发展变化规律,在诊疗疾病以及预防养生中要考虑周围环境的影响,体现了整体性生态学属性;五行学说把人体各组织结构及其功能划分为有机配合的五个系统,同时还将这五个系统与五方、五季、五时、五气、五谷等联系起来以说明人体与自然之间的联系,体现了有机性生态学属性;气血学说与阴阳平衡观念认为,一旦人体的气血阻塞不通或阴阳的动态平衡被破坏,就会导致机体发生异常,体现了动态性生态学属性;中医师通过四诊合参的方式确定患者的辨证分型,再运用天然药物、针灸等为患者治疗疾病,体现了绿色性生态学属性。

Chinese medicine focuses on the overall grasp of human life activities,stresses the organic coordination of various organs within the human body,emphasizes the dynamic balance between human and the natural environment,and is committed to the restoration of the most natural state of the human body,which is closely related to the concept of ecological holism,organic,dynamic and green.According to the"holistic concept"and"people-oriented"epistemology of Chinese medicine,human beings,as a part of nature,should conform to the laws of natural development and change,and consider the influence of surrounding environment in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases as well as in the prevention and health preservation,which embodies the ecological attribute of holism.Wuxing theory divides the structure and function of human body into five systems of organic coordination.At the same time,it links these five systems with five directions,five seasons,five time,five qi,five grains,etc.to illustrate the relationship between human body and nature,which embodies the ecological attribute of organic.According to the Qixue theory and the concept of yin and yang balance,once the qi and blood of the human body are blocked or the dynamic balance of yin and yang is destroyed,it will lead to the abnormality of the body,which embodies the ecological attribute of dynamic.Chinese medicine doctors determine the syndrome differentiation and classification of patients by the way of comprehensive analysis of data gained by four diagnostic methods,and then use natural medicine,acupuncture and so on to treat patients′diseases,which embodies the ecological attribute of green.