青海省门源县一起布鲁氏菌病疫情的调查报告

An investigational case report of brucellosis in Menyuan county,Qinghai,China

目的调查分析青海省门源县2018年4月发生的一起布鲁氏菌病(布病)疫情的流行过程及分子流行病学特征,为处理相关事件提供参考。方法对该疫情进行现场流行病学调查,采用试管凝集试验、补体结合试验等血清学检验方法,并进行血培养,采用多位点可变数目串联重复序列分析(MLVA)菌株的分子特征,结合患者的病例资料和实验室检验结果进行分析。结果2名患者因接触流产病羊而感染布病,根据流行病学接触史,临床症状和体征以及实验室结果按照《布鲁氏菌病诊断标准》(WS269-2007)诊断该患者处于布病急性期。MLVA提示2株菌MLVA-8基因型为42型,MLVA-16基因分型100%的同源。结论MLVA可用于分析布病疫情暴(散)发地区间关联,追溯传染来源,为布病跨地区传播溯源和布病防控提供可靠技术支撑。

Objective To investigate the epidemic process and molecular and epidemiological characteristics of the brucellosis in Menyuan county,Qinghai province,China,in April 2018,and to provide a reference for handling related events.Methods An on-site epidemiological investigation of the epidemic situation was performed using serological test methods(serum tube agglutination test and complement fixation test)and blood culture.The molecular characteristics of the strains were analyzed by multiple loci VNTR analysis(MLVA).Meanwhile,analyses were performed using patients’medical record data and laboratory test results.Results Two patients were infected with brucellosis due to contact with sheep with contagious abortion,and were diagnosed based on the Diagnostic Criteria for Brucellosis(WS269-2007)with acute stage of brucellosis according to their history of epidemiological exposure,clinical symptoms and signs,and laboratory test results.The two strains were genotype 42 as revealed by MLVA-8,and MLVA-16 genotyping proved the two strains to be 100%homologous.Conclusion MLVA can be used to analyze the association between areas with epidemic or sporadic brucellosis,trace the source of infection,and provide reliable technical support for trans-regional tracking and prevention and control of brucellosis.