脑卒中患者自我表露现状及影响因素分析

Status quo of self-disclosure in patients with stroke and its influencing factors

目的探讨脑卒中患者自我表露现状,并分析其影响因素。方法使用方便抽样方法,选取2019年2—8月郑州市某三级甲等医院神经内科病房收治的260例脑卒中患者,采用一般资料调查表、痛苦表露指数量表、慢性疾病病耻感量表、SDS及领悟社会支持量表进行调查。结果本次共发放260份调查问卷,回收有效问卷248份,有效回收率为95.38%。248例脑卒中患者自我表露得分为(35.56±6.26)分,17.74%(44/248)为低水平,74.60%(185/248)为中等水平,7.66%(19/248)为高水平。脑卒中患者慢性疾病病耻感量表总分为(55.95±10.80)分;SDS得分为(56.98±9.31)分,领悟社会支持量表得分为(54.10±10.83)分。多重线性回归分析显示,受教育程度、家庭人均月收入、慢性疾病病耻感、抑郁情绪及领悟社会支持是脑卒中患者自我表露的影响因素(P<0.05),可解释自我表露总变异的36.6%。结论脑卒中患者自我表露处于中等水平,有待提高,医务工作者应采取有效干预措施提高脑卒中患者自我表露,促进其身心健康。

Objective To explore the status quo of self-disclosure in patients with stroke and analyze its influencing factors.Methods In this cross-sectional study,totally 248 patients with stroke admitted in Neurological Wards of a ClassⅢGrade A hospital in Zhengzhou between February and August 2019 were selected as subjects by convenient sampling,and investigated with the demographic questionnaire,Distress Disclosure Index(DDI),Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness(SSCI),Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)and Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS).Results The SSCI score of the stroke patients was(35.56±6.26),including 17.74%(44/248)at low levels,74.60%(185/248)at medium levels,and 7.66%(19/248)at high levels.The total SSCI score of the stroke patients was(55.95±10.80);the SDS score was(56.98±9.31);and the PSSS score was(54.10±10.83).Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that educational level,monthly household income per capita,stigma of chronic diseases,depression and social support were the influencing factors of self-disclosure in patients with stroke(P<0.05),which could account for 36.6%of the total variation of self-disclosure.Conclusions The self-disclosure of stroke patients stands at a medium level and needs to be improved.Medical workers should take effective interventions to improve the self-disclosure of stroke patients and promote their physical and mental health.