肌功能训练配合矫治在生长发育期前牙开牙合患者的临床疗效观察

Clinical observation on the effect of muscle function training combined with orthodontic treatment in patients with anterior teeth opening and occlusion during growth and development

目的:探讨肌功能训练在矫治生长发育期前牙开牙合患者的作用。方法:将在佛山市中医院口腔正畸科就诊的处于生长发育期的5~15岁40例前牙开牙合患者,随机分为对照组(B组)20例,常规使用牙合垫和头帽颏兜垂直牵引矫治;试验组(A组)20例,常规矫治同时配合相应的肌功能训练。比较两组患者在前牙开牙合矫治效果的差异和术前术后咬肌肌电活动。结果:两组上下颌第一磨牙区牙槽骨高度均较矫治前有所降低,而A组各项指标与B组相比变化均较大(P<0.05)。前下面高/后下面高(ALFH/PLFH)值较矫治前减小,AB平面与下颌平面的交角、腭平面与眼耳平面的交角之和(ODI)值有所增大,下颌平面角(GoGn-SN)减小;对照组各指标与实验组相比均变化较小(P<0.05);患者在ICP最大紧咬、咀嚼口香糖和吞咽状态下,两组较之前后均有明显变化(P<0.05),其中A组最高肌电幅值变化高于B组(P<0.01)。结论:生长发育期前牙开牙合畸形患者矫治进行辅助肌功能训练有助于提高正畸治疗的疗效。

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of functional exercises for muscles during orthodontics treatment.Methods:A total of 40 cases of anteriorl openbite 5~15years old adolescents who visited Orthodontics Department of Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected.The patients were divided into 2 groups randomly,with 20 people in each group,and all of the samples were treated with traditional orthodontic treatment.The cases of the experimental group received the functional exercises for muscles at the same time and the treatment effects were compared.Results:(1)There was statistical significance between the two groups(P<0.01);in the experimental group,the alveolar heights of maxillary and mandibular were lower than the early stage;ALFH/PLFH ratios were decreased;ODI were increased;GoGn-SN angles were decreased.The variety of indicators in the control group was less than the that of the experimental group(P<0.05).(2).The electromyography activities of the MM was enhanced from closing phase to food comminuting phase after treatment(P<0.05).The variety of indicators in the control group was less than that of the experimental group(P<0.01).Conclusion:The effect of orthodontics treatment for openbite patients is improved with functional exercises for muscles during the early stage.