建构主义教学理论在新入职护士跌倒预防管理培训中的应用效果研究

The application of constructivism teaching theory in the training of fall prevention and management for newly recruited nurses

目的探讨建构主义教学理论在新入职护士跌倒预防管理培训中的应用效果。方法选取本院2016年7月新入职规范化培训护士143名为对照组,采用传统教学模式;2017年7月新入职规范化培训护士127名为观察组,采用建构主义教学理论指导下的培训模式;比较干预前后两组护士跌倒预防知识、态度、行为维度得分;比较两组护士对教学满意度评价得分。结果两组跌倒预防知识、态度、行为维度得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实施建构主义教学模式后,规培护士对教学满意度评价得分均有提高,两组护士活跃课堂气氛得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后两组在激发学习兴趣、理论与实践相结合、提高创新意识、提高自学能力、提高沟通能力、培养团队精神方面及总体满意度上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论建构主义教学模式下的支架式教学、抛锚式教学、随机进入教学方法有利于规培护士掌握跌倒预防知识,提高跌倒预防工作态度的积极性,规范工作行为,实现了真正的意义建构,同时提高了规培护士对教学的满意度,为临床护理工作打下良好的基础。

Objective To explore the application of constructivism teaching theory in the fall prevention and management training of regulated nurses,so as to improve the clinical work ability of regulated nurses.Methods 143 newly recruited nurses with standardized training in our hospital in July 2016 were selected as the control group,and the traditional teaching mode was adopted.In July 2017,127newly recruited standardized nurses were enrolled in the experimental group.The training mode under the guidance of constructivism teaching theory was adopted to compare the scores of fall prevention knowledge,attitude and behavior of nurses in the two groups before and after the intervention.The scores of teaching satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results There were statistically significant differences in knowledge,attitude and behavior of fall prevention between the two groups(P<0.05).After the implementation of the constructivist teaching model,the evaluation scores of teaching satisfaction of planned nurses were increased,and there was no significant difference in the active classroom atmosphere between the two groups(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in stimulating learning interest,combining theory with practice,improving innovation awareness,self-learning ability,communication ability,team spirit and overall satisfaction(all P<0.05)after the intervention.Conclusion Constructivist teaching mode of scaffolding instruction,anchored instruction and random access teaching method is beneficial to gauge from nurses knowledge of fall prevention,boost the enthusiasm of the fall prevention work attitude,standardize work,realize the real meaning construction,at the same time improve the gauge,the nurse satisfaction of teaching for the clinical nursing work to lay a good foundation.