骨质疏松症患者健康管理知识知晓度和需求的调查研究

A study on knowledge and needs of health management in patients with osteoporosis

目的了解骨质疏松症患者自我健康管理知识的知晓情况及相关需求,为形成骨质疏松症患者自我健康管理规范模式提供参考依据。方法选取2018年5月—10月就诊且诊断为骨质疏松症的患者,随机抽取200例进行问卷调查,最终190例纳入统计。调查问卷包括患者个人基本信息、骨质疏松症健康管理知识问卷和需求问卷。结果190例骨质疏松症患者健康管理知识问卷标准分平均为(62.45±16.21)分,处于低水平。不同性别、年龄、受教育程度、职业患者骨质疏松症健康管理知识问卷得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。农村地区患者骨质疏松症健康管理知识问卷得分低于城镇地区(P<0.01)。门诊患者骨质疏松症健康管理知识问卷得分低于住院患者(P<0.05)。82.63%的患者愿意接受健康管理相关知识宣传,63.68%的患者希望通过医务人员指导方式获得健康管理相关知识。结论骨质疏松症患者对自我健康管理知识有较强的需求,护士在健康教育时应根据患者个性化特征实施针对性措施,加强宣传,引导患者形成规范的自我健康管理观念和行为。

Objective To understand the knowledge level of self-health management among patients with osteoporosis and their healthcare needs,and to provide reference for the establishment of self-health management model for patients with osteoporosis.Methods Totally 200 osteoporosis patients were randomly selected for questionnaire survey,and 190 cases were finally included for the further analysis.The questionnaire consisted of three parts,including patients'general information,osteoporosis-related health management knowledge and patients'needs.Results The average score of 190 patients with osteoporosis was(62.45±16.21).There were significant difference in scores of osteoporosis-related health management knowledge between patients with different gender,age,education level and occupational groups(P<0.01).Patients from rural areas had a lower score of osteoporosis-related health management knowledge compared with those from urban areas(P<0.01).Outpatients had a lower score of osteoporosis-related health management knowledge compared with inpatients(P<0.05).In terms of healthcare needs,82.63%of patients were willing to accept health education about health management,and 63.68%patients wanted health guidance by medical professionals.Conclusion Osteoporosis patients have a strong demand for self-health management knowledge,and nurses should strengthen the health education,guide patients to form a standard self-health management concept and behavior.