基于结构方程模型的宁波城市居民休闲满意度研究

SEM-based Analysis on Leisure Satisfaction of Urban Residents in Ningbo City

休闲满意度研究对于提升城市居民美好生活质量具有重要意义。采用Beard等编制的休闲满意度量表,以问卷调查数据为基础,通过构建结构方程模型对浙江省宁波城市居民休闲满意度进行了研究。结果表明:①宁波城市居民对休闲带来的放松体验最满意,教育功能和审美体验次之,身体和心理满意度相对较低,而社会满意度最低。②审美满意度、身体满意度和心理满意度对宁波城市居民休闲总体满意度具有显著影响,其中,审美满意度的影响程度最大,其次为心理满意度和身体满意度,而放松、社交以及教育满意度对休闲总体满意度具有显著影响的研究假设未获支持。③构建的宁波城市居民休闲满意度结构方程模型具有跨样本稳定性特征。研究结果可为提升宁波城市居民休闲满意度提供理论依据。

Leisure satisfaction is one of the most important areas of leisure research, which has a significant impact on improving urban residents’ life quality. However, domestic research on leisure satisfaction is still at the exploration stage, few previous studies has used structural equation model to analysis urban residents’ leisure satisfaction. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore factors affecting leisure satisfaction among urban residents in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province. Items were derived from an adaptation of the Beard and Ragheb(1980) Leisure Satisfaction Scale. Data were collected from 940 residents at places for daily leisure activities in Ningbo. Participants were assessed using a questionnaire that captured leisure satisfaction and demographic data. Identity test was performed to assess the leisure satisfaction model fit. The findings were indicated as follows: 1) Urban residents in Ningbo were mostly satisfied with relaxation experience(3.895) brought by leisure, followed by educational function(3.564) and aesthetic experience(3.547). The values of physiological satisfaction(3.534) and psychological satisfaction(3.447) were relatively low, and the item of social satisfaction(3.403) was the lowest. 2) According to the results of SEM analysis, it was found that the aesthetic satisfaction, physiological satisfaction and psychological satisfaction have significant positive impacts on the overall leisure satisfaction of residents surveyed in Ningbo, among which, aesthetic satisfaction has the greatest influence, subsequent psychological satisfaction and physical satisfaction. The path coefficients are 0.280, 0.240 and 0.159, respectively, while the assumptions of the influence of relaxation satisfaction, social satisfaction and educational satisfaction on overall leisure satisfaction has not been supported.(P values are 0.845, 0.385 and 0.866, respectively, all greater than 0.05). 3) The findings also showed that when factor load is set, residual variation is measured, factor variance and covariance were identical, the SEM of leisure satisfaction of Ningbo urban residents constructed in this study still has the identity between samples. 4) The results verified the theoretical hypothesis, as well as clarified the influencing mechanism of leisure satisfaction of Ningbo urban residents. The SEM shows stability and validity between different samples. Therefore, the article provided valuable theoretical reference for improving leisure satisfaction of urban residents in the case.