鲁中地区极端高温变化特征分析

Characteristics of Extreme High Temperature Variations in the High Temperature Area in the Middle Region of Shandong Province

基于1966—2015年鲁中地区8个气象站日最高气温、日最低气温和相对湿度气象观测资料,利用年最高气温、高温日数、极端高温日数、暖夜日数、炎热日数和高温热浪日数等指数,研究其极端高温天气变化特征。结果表明:鲁中地区近50 a年最高气温随时间变化呈增加趋势,1990年后增加趋势明显,有6 a左右的主要变化周期,主要空间变化规律一致;极端高温天气呈增强趋势,尤其在1990年以后,年炎热日数和轻度高温热浪日数最多出现在1994年,年高温日数最多出现在1997年,年极端高温、暖夜日数和重度高温热浪日数均出现在2005年;中部地区发生极端高温天气频率高,南部山区发生频率低。

Based on the daily maximum temperature,minimum temperature and relative humidity data in eight weather stations of the Shandong province from 1966 to 2015,the characteristics of extreme high temperature in Zibo city were studied by using the extreme climate indices(annual maximum air temperature,high temperature days,extreme high temperature days,warm night days,hot days and heat wave days).The results showed that the annual maximum temperature had an increasing trend in recent 50 years,and it was obvious since 1990,it had a six years’main periodic change and the same main spatial variation.The extreme high temperature had a gradual trend,especially since 1990,and the maximum number of the annual hot days and light heat wave days appeared in 1994.The maximum number of the annual high temperature days appeared in 1997,and the maximum number of extreme high temperature days,warm night days and severe heat wave days appeared in 2005.The frequency of extreme high temperature in Zibo was high in the central region,but it was low in the southern mountain area.