新时代来华留学研究生教育发展机遇、挑战与思考

Opportunities, Challenges and Thinking on International Postgraduate Education Development in China for the New Era

来华留学研究生教育肩负着培养"知华、友华、爱华"精英人才,为人类命运共同体建设提供重要人力和智力支撑的责任和义务。基于政府管、高校办和社会力量评的视角,分析了近十余年来华留学研究生教育发展现状,发现来华留学研究生教育存在内生动力不足、学科发展优势特色不明显、洲别区域发展结构不平衡、质量保障体系及其管理体制机制不健全等问题,提出来华留学研究生教育高质量发展对策,即创新发展政府-高校-社会机构"三位一体"管办评分离机制,打造我国"高校品质、中国特色、世界一流"国际教育品牌;健全来华留学研究生教育"生源-预科-培养-实习与毕业-校友发展"全过程质量保障机制;建设来华留学研究生教育质量文化,提升我国软实力和话语权。

The education for international postgraduates in China shoulders the responsibility and obligation to let the elite talent to know China, be friendly with China and love China and to provide important human and intellectual support for the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind. Based on the perspective of government administration, university management and the evaluation by social institutions, this paper analyzes the development and status quo of the international postgraduate education in China in the past ten years and finds such problems as the lack of endogenous impetus for the development of the education, the lack of distinct advantages and characteristics in the development of disciplines, the imbalanced development in different continents and regions, and the imperfect quality assurance system and other management systems and mechanisms. On the basis of the findings, this paper proposes some measures to improve the quality of the international postgraduate education in China, including the innovation and development of a "three-in-one" system involving governments, higher-learning institutions and social institutions, and a mechanism that may separate administration, management and evaluation so as to make the education in China a global brand featuring university quality, Chinese characteristics, and world-class rating. This paper also proposes a whole-process quality assurance mechanism for the international postgraduate education in China, covering candidate source, preparatory courses, training, internship and graduation, and alumni development. In addition, it also proposes the building of an international postgraduate education quality culture for enhancing the soft power and the international right to speak of China.