京杭大运河丹阳段及丹金溧漕河沿线钉螺时空分布特征研究

Spatio-temporal distribution of Oncomelania hupensis snails along the Danyang section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the Danyang-Jintan-Liyang Canal

目的分析京杭大运河江苏丹阳段及丹金溧漕河沿线钉螺时空分布特征,为动态评估该区域钉螺扩散风险提供科学依据。方法收集2012-2017年研究区域内水网型血吸虫病流行区螺情数据,采用缓冲区分析、空间自相关分析、热点分析及标准差椭圆分析法,探索京杭大运河丹阳段及丹金溧漕河沿线钉螺时空变化趋势。结果2012-2017年,研究区域内有螺环境数呈上升趋势;有螺环境主要分布于丹金溧漕河1000 m缓冲区内,特别是京杭大运河与丹金溧漕河交汇处的老九曲河沿线。2014、2016、2017年,研究区域内钉螺分布存在空间自相关,热点区域主要为丹金溧漕河与京杭大运河交汇处;钉螺分布整体呈东北-西南方向,随着时间变化逐渐向南北方向转变。结论京杭大运河丹阳段及丹金溧漕河沿线钉螺空间分布复杂,存在从上游向下游扩散的风险,需加强该区域的灭螺工作。

Objective To explore the spatio-temporal characteristics of Oncomelania hupensis snails along the Danyang section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the Danyang-Jintan-Liyang Canal,so as to provide scientific evidence for the dynamic assessment of the risk of snail spread in this region.Methods O.hupensis snail status was collected in the plain regions with waterway networks in the study area from 2012 to 2017.The spatio-temporal variations of snail distribution were investigated along the Danyang section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the Danyang-Jintan-Liyang Canal using buffer zone analysis,spatial autocorrelation,hotspot analysis and standard deviational ellipse with the geographical information system(GIS)tools.Results The number of snail habitats showed a tendency towards a rise in the study area from 2012 to 2017,and snail habitats were predominantly distributed in the 1000 m long buffer zone of the Danyang-Jintan-Liyang Canal,notably along the Jiuqu River at the junction between the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the Danyang-Jintan-Liyang Canal.The distribution of snail habitats appeared spatial autocorrelations in 2014,2016 and 2017,and the hotspot areas were mainly identified at the junction between the Danyang-Jintan-Liyang Canal and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.In addition,the overall distribution of snail habitats was located in the northeastern-southwestern part of the study aera,and gradually shifted to the southern and northern parts with the time.Conclusion The spatial distribution of O.hupensis snails is complex along the Danyang section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the Danyang-Jintan-Liyang Canal,and there is a risk of snail spread from the upper reaches to the lower reaches,where snail control needs to be intensified.