全球乙型肝炎病毒基因型的分布现状

Current situation on the global distribution of hepatitis B virus subtypes

乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus, HBV)感染是全球范围内一个重要的公共卫生问题,是慢性肝炎、肝硬化及肝癌发生的主要原因。许多研究表明,HBV不同的基因型及其亚型,其致病性存在差异,从而影响感染者的疾病进程和治疗预后。迄今为止,全球已经报道了10种HBV基因型及40多种HBV亚型,这些亚型有其各自的分布特征,本文对全球乙型肝炎病毒基因型的分布现状进行综述。

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is an important global public health concern and a major cause of chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis and liver cancer.Many studies have shown that different genotypes and subtypes have significant differences in pathogenicity,thus affecting the disease progression and prognosis of infected individuals.So far,a total of 10 HBV genotypes and more than 40 subtypes have been reported across the world,and these subtypes have shown distinct distribution characteristics.In the present review,we systematically summarized the current situation on the global distribution of HBV genotypes.