个体依恋水平与自尊的关系研究

Research on relationship between attachment level and self-esteem

目的探讨个体依恋水平与自尊的关系。方法以整群抽样的大学生和中专生作为受试者。收集亲密关系经历量表(experiences in close relationship scale,ECR)和二维自尊量表得分数据,对依恋水平和自尊水平进行描述性和相关关系的分析。利用瑞文智力测验、状态自尊量表和亲密经历关系量表进行实验设计,分析威胁情境对不同依恋类型个体状态自尊的影响。结果 (1)依恋焦虑维度和回避维度均与自尊的自我悦纳维度及自我能力维度呈显著负相关;逐步回归分析发现,依恋焦虑维度和回避维度的预测作用显著。(2)威胁情境对不同依恋类型个体行为状态自尊的影响作用显著;威胁情境下个体的行为状态自尊水平显著低于中性情境。(3)不同依恋类型个体的社会状态自尊水平存在显著差异;安全型显著高于恐惧型和迷恋型,冷漠型显著高于恐惧型和迷恋型。结论无论从特质还是状态角度,个体依恋水平均会对自尊产生显著影响。

Objective To explore the relationship between individual attachment level and self-esteem. Methods A group of college students and technical secondary school students were selected as subjects. The score data of experiences in close relationship scale( ECR), and two-dimensional self-esteem scale were collected,and the descriptive and related relationships of attachment level and self-esteem level were analyzed. Experiments were designed using the Raven’s intelligence test,the state self-esteem scale,and the intimate experience relationship scale to analyze the impact of threat situations on the state self-esteem of individuals with different attachment types. Results(1) The attachment anxiety dimension and avoidance dimension were significantly negatively correlated with self-esteem’s self-acceptance dimension and self-competence dimension.Stepwise regression analysis found that the predictive effects of attachment anxiety dimension and avoidance dimension were significant.(2) Threat situation had a significant effect on the self-esteem of individuals with different attachment types. The self-esteem level of individual’s behavioral status under threat situations was significantly lower than that of neutral situations.(3) The social status self-esteem levels of individuals with different attachment types were significantly different. The safety type was significantly higher than the fear type and obsession type,and the indifference type was significantly higher than the fear type and obsession type. Conclusion Individual attachment levels can have a significant effect on self-esteem,both from a trait and state perspective.