特困连片区多维贫困测度与机理分析--基于大别山革命老区金寨县的调研数据

A Multidimensional Poverty Measurement and Mechanism Analysis in Contiguous Poverty-Stricken Areas--A Data-based Study to Jinzhai County,the Old Revolutionary Base in Dabie Mountain

本文采用A-F模型从人力资本、基础设施、资产、抚养赡养及收入水平五个维度构建多维贫困指数,对金寨县农户进行多维贫困识别,探索研究分析多维贫困。研究结果表明:文化程度、健康状况以及抚养压力三个指标的单维贫困发生率超过50%,文化程度、健康状况、抚养压力、赡养压力四个指标对多维贫困指数的贡献率超过10%。随着剥夺份额的增加对多维贫困指数的贡献率变大,金寨县农户家庭多维贫困指数呈现空间分异和因素分化特征,村庄间贫困状态、多维贫困影响因素的贡献存在明显差异。家庭户主特征、家庭人口规模、人口结构以及外出务工人数对多维贫困状态影响显著。因此,制定实施精准扶贫措施时,应突出帮扶措施的系统化、重视扶贫模式的个性化、关注帮扶成效的人文性和脱贫攻坚机制的长效性。

An A-F model consists of five index dimensions,namely,human capital,infrastructure,assets,dependency-support and income level. In this paper,this A-F model is adopted to identify and construct a multidimensional study of filed poverty-affiliated rural households in Jinzhai County. Research results show that there is an over 50% occurrence rate of three unidimensional poverty indicators,namely,education,health conditions and dependency pressure. Together with support pressure,the contribution rate of these four indicators to the multidimensional poverty is higher than 10%. Their contribution rate to the multidimensional poverty index increases with that of the share deprivation. There is also a marked space and factor differentiation among rural households in Jinzai County. Contribution rates differ from village to village,and from factor to factor.Significant poverty contribution effects come from the characteristics of household head,family size,family structure and the number of migrant workers. When formulating and implementing targeted poverty alleviation measures,it is necessary to highlight the systematized,tailor-made poverty alleviation models,the humanistic and long-term effects of the poverty alleviation mechanism.