实验室放射性同位素及射线装置的辐射防护与安全管理研究

Study on radiation protection and safety management of radioisotopes and ray devices in laboratory

目的:探索放射性实验室辐射防护与安全管理,保证实验室安全,促进教学和科研工作的顺利开展。方法:依据国家相关法律法规,结合中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所的辐射防护与安全管理机制,从建立健全放射源辐射防护组织管理体系、完善放射性工作场所设施建设、加强辐射工作人员防护培训和放射工作人员健康管理与剂量监测,分析出可行性的辐射防护安全管理办法。结果:建立了辐射防护与安全管理的权威组织管理体系和完善的放射性工作场所;要加强工作人员培训和个人健康管理及剂量监测,做到“预防为主、防治结合”,确保辐射安全,减小危害。结论:充分认识放射性同位素与射线装置安全管理和防护工作的重要性,将辐射安全管理与防护放在首位,可有效提升实验室放射性同位素及射线装置辐射防护与安全的管理水平。

Objective:To strengthen the radiation protection and safety management of radioactive laboratories so as to ensure the safety of the laboratories and to promote the successful development of teaching and scientific research.Methods:According to the relevant national laws and regulations,and combining with the mechanism of radiation protection and safety management of National Institute for Radiological Protection of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention to analyze and obtain feasible management measures about radiation protection from series aspects included establishing and improving the management system of protection organization,improving the construction of facilities in radiation workplace,strengthening the protection training of radiation staffs and health management of them,and strengthening dose monitoring.Results:For strengthening radiation protection and safety management,it is necessary to establish an authoritative system for organization and management,and to establish a thorough radiation workplace.And the staff training,personal health management and dose monitoring also should be strengthened so as to achieve"prevention first,integration of prevention and treatment",and to ensure safety of radiation and reduce hazard.Conclusion:The importance of safety management and protection of radioisotopes and ray devices should be fully understood.And safety management and protection of radiation should be putted in the first place,and the culture literacy about the safety of leaders and staffs should be comprehensively improved.