2016年至2018年云南省住院严重急性呼吸道感染病例监测结果分析

Analysis on Surveillance of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Cases Hospitalized in Yunnan,2016-2018

目的探讨云南省住院严重急性呼吸道感染(SARI)病例流行病学、临床和流感病原学变化特征。方法对2016年1月至2018年12月云南省哨点医院监测到的SARI病例进行流行病学和临床特征调查,并采集咽拭子标本开展流感等呼吸道病毒检测。结果2016年1月至2018年12月,云南省哨点医院SARI病例占同期住院病例的1.20%(717/59917)。检出流感核酸阳性率为4.60%(33/717)。随机抽取的流感阴性SARI病例中,检出其他呼吸道病毒感染阳性率为23.81%(30/126),主要包括呼吸道合胞病毒、副流感病毒和偏肺病毒等。SARI病例主要来源于呼吸内科和儿内科,以青壮年和婴幼儿为主。流感确诊病例以青壮年儿童和老年人为主。并发症主要包括肺炎、呼吸衰竭和急性呼吸窘迫综合征等。SARI病例和确诊流感病例均主要集中于冬春季。SARI%和ILI%变化趋势相似。结论SARI监测作为流感样病例(ILI)监测的有效补充,建议加强呼吸道传染病防控知识的健康宣教,对重点人群推广接种流感疫苗,开展呼吸道多病原检测。

Objective To discuss the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the severe acute respiratory infection(SARI)cases in Yunnan and their microbiology characteristics of influenza.Methods The epidemiological and clinical characteristics survey was conducted among the SARI patients hospitalized in the sentinel hospital of Yunnan,2016-2018.Throat swabs were collected to develop the detection of respiratory viruses such as influenza.Results From 2016 to 2018,the hospitalization rate of SARI cases in the sentinel hospital of Yunnan accounted for 1.20%(717/59917)of the total hospitalization cases.The positive rate of influenza nucleic acid was 4.60%(33/717).The positive rate of other respiratory viruses was 23.81%(30/126)in the randomly selected influenza-negative SARI cases,mainly including respiratory syncytial virus,parainfluenza virus and metapneumonia virus.SARI cases mainly came from Department of Respiratory Medicine and Pediatrics.Most of them were adults and infants.Confirmed cases of influenza were mainly from young adults,children and the elderly.Complications mainly included pneumonia,respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome.SARI cases and confirmed influenza cases were mainly concentrated in the winter and spring.The trends of SARI%and ILI%were similar.Conclusion SARI monitoring was an effective supplement to ILI monitoring.We suggest that the health education of respiratory infectious disease prevention and control knowledge should be strengthened,the vaccination of influenza vaccine for key population should be promoted,and the detection of respiratory multi pathogen should be carried out.