论克拉里对德波“景观”理论的拓延

On Crary's Extension of Debord's Theory of"Spectacle"

“景观”真正成为具有论战意味的理论范畴,无疑得益于居伊·德波。然而,德波对景观的理论构建并不完备,一是未对景观概念作出书面界定,二是景观历史谱系的缺席。视觉文化研究理论家乔纳森·克拉里在探源视觉现代性的发生条件时,就关涉到德波的景观理论,并就其遗留的问题作了较为客观的延拓,不仅对景观概念进行语源学的追溯,而且还着重考察了“景观社会”的衍化历程。此外,基于景观表象对现代主体无处不在的隐性控管逻辑,克拉里较之德波并未抱悲观的态度,反而是把与知觉紧密相连的具有固定时间节律、周期、惯例、重复行为的“睡眠”视为逃逸资本管控的可能路径。

"Spectacle"has truly become a theoretical category with polemical significance,which undoubtedly benefits from Guy Debord.However,Debord's construction of spectacle theory system is not complete.First,there is no written definition of the concept of spectacle,and the second is the absence of the historical pedigree of spectacle.Jonathan Crary is a theorist of visual culture studies.When he was exploring the conditions for the occurrence of visual modernity,he related to Debord's spectacle theory and extended the remaining problems objectively.He not only etymologically traced back the concept of spectacle,but also focused on the evolution history of"the spectacle society".In addition,based on the implicit logic of the ubiquitous control of modern subjects by spectacle representations,Crary does not hold a pessimistic attitude.Instead,he regards time rhythm,cycle,convention and"sleep"as a repeated behavior that closely connected with perception as a possible path to escape capital control.