不同品种枸杞果实发育动态和品质比较

Comparison of Fruit Development and Quality of Various Wolfberry Varieties

【目的】对宁夏地区不同品种枸杞果实发育动态和品质进行比较,为枸杞的优质、高产栽培提供理论依据。【方法】供试材料为国家林业局枸杞工程技术研究中心枸杞种质资源圃的宁杞1号、宁杞6号、宁杞7号和宁杞8号枸杞植株。每个枸杞品种随机选取5株,每株标记刚出萼枸杞5颗,每隔2 d测定各品种果实纵、横径的生长动态,果实成熟时测定果实外在品质和内在品质。【结果】不同品种枸杞的果实发育动态趋势大体一致,不同时期纵、横径生长速率的差异,导致果实出现"S"型增长,千粒重和纵径最大的是宁杞8号,横径最大的是宁杞7号,宁杞6号是4个品种中多糖含量最高的品种。【结论】4个枸杞品种果实纵、横径生长成双"S"曲线,宁杞8号为长果类品种,宁杞1号、宁杞6号、宁杞7号为短果类品种,宁杞8号果实品质最佳。

[Objectives] This paper aims to provide theoretical basis for high-quality and high yield wolfberry cultivation through comprehensive comparisons between dynamic fruit development and quality of different wolfberry varieties in Ningxia.[Methods] Ningqi No.1, No. 6, No.7 and No.8 in wolfberry germplasm resource garden of Wolfberry Engineering Technology Research Center, State Forestry Bureau were taken as testing materials. 5 plants of each wolfberry variety were randomly chosen. 5 grains of each plant’s flower calyx leaving were marked. The growth dynamics of the transverse(FTD) and longitudinal diameter(FLD) ofeach variety’s fruit were measured every other 2 d. When the fruit was ripe, the internal and external quality of the fruit was measured. [Results] The tendency of the fruit developmental dynamics of various wolfberries was basically the same. The differences in growth velocity of FTD andFLD in various periods led to s-shaped growth of the fruit. Niqi No.8 had the largest thousand kernel weight(TKW) and FLD. Ningqi No.7 had the largest FTD. Ningqi No.6 had the highest content of polysaccharides. [Conclusions] Double-s curves of FTD and FLD of the 4 varieties of wolfberry could be observed. Ningqi No.8 belongs to the long-fruited variety, and Ningqi No.1, No.6 and No.7 belong to the short-fruited varieties. Ningqi No.8 has the optimal fruit quality.