数字X线检查在肺结核患者中的诊断价值

Diagnostic value of digital radiography examination in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

目的探讨数字X线(DR)检查应用于肺结核患者中的诊断价值。方法选取2017年1月~2019年2月于我院就诊且经痰液细菌涂片检查确诊的120例肺结核患者作为研究对象,患者均接受DR检查和传统X线检查。分析DR检查的影像质量,比较DR检查和传统X线检查的结果,并分析DR影像图像处理前后的诊断结果。结果DR检查的废片率低于传统X线检查,DR检查的甲级片率、符合肺结核影像学表现率高于传统X线检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);DR检查的肺内结节、支气管分级(叶支气管)、肺内小空洞(<1 cm)、肺内钙化灶的准确率分别为59.17%、85.00%、52.50%、19.17%,均高于传统X线检查的45.83%、43.33%、32.50%、10.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);DR影像图像处理后的支气管扩张检测的准确率为6.67%,高于处理前的0.83%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);DR影像处理前后的胸膜增厚、支气管播散、肺门淋巴结肿大、胸腔积液、病灶内小钙化准确率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论DR检查技术诊断肺结核的准确率高于传统X线检查,具有DR技术操作简单、废片率低等优势,且图像处理后,支气管扩张的检出率明显较高,可将其作为有条件地区筛查肺结核的常用手段。

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of digital radiography(DR)examination in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods A total of 120 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis patients who were admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to February 2019 and confirmed by sputum bacterial smear examination were selected as the study subjects.All patients underwent DR examination and traditional X-ray examination.The quality of the DR examination was analyzed,the DR examination and the traditional X-ray examination results were compared,the results before and after the DR image processing were analyzed.Results The waste images rate of DR examination was lower than that of traditional X-ray examination,and the grade A images examination rate and the imaging manifestation rate of tuberculosis of DR examination were higher than those of traditional X-ray examination,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The accuracy of DR examination for intrapulmonary nodules,bronchial grading(leaf bronchus),small holes in the lung(<1 cm)and intrapulmonary calcifications were 59.17%,85.00%,52.50%and 19.17%,which were higher than the 45.83%,43.33%,32.50%and 10.00%of traditional X-ray examination,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The accuracy of bronchiectasis detection after DR image processing was 6.67%,which was higher than the 0.83%before processing,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the accuracy of pleural thickening,bronchial dissemination,hilar lymphadenopathy,pleural effusion,small calcification in the lesion before and after DR image processing(P>0.05).Conclusion The accuracy of DR examination for diagnosis of tuberculosis is higher than that of traditional X-ray examination,and it has the advantages of simple operation and low waste rate of DR technology,and has powerful image post-processing function.After image processing,the detection rate of bronchiectasis significantly improved,it can be used as a common means of screening tuberculosis.