基于知信行模式的健康教育干预在精神分裂症康复期患者中的应用效果

Application effect of health education intervention based on knowledge, attitude, practice model in patients with schizophrenia in rehabilitation period

目的探讨基于知信行(KAP)模式的健康教育干预在精神分裂症康复期患者中的应用效果。方法选取2018年9月~2019年2月在我院康复护理的108例精神分裂症患者,采用信封法随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各54例。对照组给予常规健康教育,观察组在此基础上给予KAP模式的健康教育干预,比较干预前后两组康复状态。结果观察组干预后服药、体能训练、营养饮食、社会活动、康复训练及生活习惯的依从率高于对照组(P<0.05);干预后两组心理社会、动力精力症状、症状和副作用评分低于干预前,且观察组干预后以上评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后两组症状评分(PANSS)、社会功能(SDSS)评分均低于干预前,自我效能评分(GSES)评分高于干预前,且观察组干预后SDSS、PANSS评分低于对照组,GSES评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论KAP模式的健康教育干预在精神分裂症康复期患者中应用较佳,可显著改善患者生活质量、临床症状及遵医行为,进一步提高社会功能及自我效能,预后好,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To investigate the application effect of health education intervention based on knowledge,attitude,practice(KAP)model in patients with schizophrenia in rehabilitation period.Methods A total of 108 patients with schizophrenia who underwent rehabilitation nursing in our hospital from September 2018 to February 2019 were enrolled in the study.They were randomly divided into observation group and control group by envelope method,54 cases in each group.The control group was given routine health education.On this basis,the observation group was given health education intervention based on KAP model.The rehabilitation status was compared between the two groups before and after intervention.Results The compliance rates of medication,physical training,nutritional diet,social activities,rehabilitation training and living habits of the observation group after intervention were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The scores of psycho-social factor,dynamic energy symptoms,symptoms and side effects of both groups after intervention were lower than before intervention.Besides,the above scores of the observation group after intervention were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,scores of positive and negative syndrome scale(PANSS)and social disability screening schedule(SDSS)of both groups were lower than those of before intervention,while scores of general self efficacy scale(GSES)were high than that of before intervention,SDSS and PANSS scores of the observation group after intervention were lower than those of the control group,while the GSES score was higher than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of health education intervention based on KAP model is relatively better in patients with schizophrenia during rehabilitation period.It can significantly improve quality of life,clinical symptoms and compliance behavior of patients,further improve social function and self-efficacy,with good prognosis.It is worthy of clinical promotion and application.