俄罗斯工业发展问题探析

A Study of Russia's Industrial Development

近年来,俄罗斯工业整体保持增长态势,工业在国民经济中的比重增加,但能源、原材料化趋势仍在继续,机器制造业等高技术部门的比重也在缩小。工业企业固定资产投资有所增长,大部分工业部门投资积极性有所提高,然而俄罗斯工业中仍存在很多问题:固定资产老化、财务状况恶化、工业结构能源化、技术密集型产业发展滞后、工业企业缺乏创新积极性、工业制成品国际竞争力不强等。俄罗斯政府为解决这些问题,促进工业发展,制定了一系列战略规划及政策措施,但俄罗斯对工业的扶持政策仍停留在以资金支持为主,真正有利于工业发展、技术创新的制度尚未建立。

Problems with Russia's manufacturing industry are the aging of fixed assets,financial deterioration,the energization of industrial structure,backward technology-intensive industry,lack of innovative initiative,weak competitiveness of industrial products,etc.,in despite of positive factors.A series of strategic plans and policies have been promulgated by the Russian government to resolve the problems and boost industrial growth;however,the majority of supporting policies are by financial means.Institutional arrangements have not yet been developed to boost industrial development and technological innovation.