旋转通风干燥仓高水分玉米降水实验研究

Experimental study of high moisture corn dewatering in rotating air drying barn

采用自主研发的旋转通风干燥仓,进行高水分玉米降水工艺研究。实验期间,对仓内粮堆不同位置的温度和湿度,及环境温湿度进行定时监测,并定时取样检测玉米水分和真菌孢子。结果表明:粮堆中各监测点的温湿度随环境变化而变化,相同层或相同列的检测点温湿度基本一致;在有降雪的情况下(实验第6天,雨转雪),18天内玉米水分由27.12%降至14.60%;玉米携带真菌孢子数保持在真菌生长的临界范围内,达到短期安全储存目标。因此,采用旋转通风干燥仓对高水分玉米进行降水的工艺是可行的,降水效果均匀、高效,有效保证粮食不发热霉变。同时,旋转通风干燥的方法不使用燃煤、燃气,符合我国当前环境保护和可持续发展的新要求,有显著的经济社会效益,可在大农户玉米干燥和短期安全储存中推广应用。

Academy of national food and strategic reserves administration designed a rotating air drying barn. The research on dewatering technology of high-moisture corn was carried out in this paper by using the self-developed rotating air drying barn. High moisture corn was stored in this kind of dry storage, and the precipitation process was studied. During the experiment, the temperature and humidity at different positions of the grain stack in the barn as well as the ambient temperature and humidity were monitored regularly, and the moisture content of corn and fungal spores were detected by regular sampling. The results showed that the temperature and humidity of the monitoring points in the grain heap changed with the environment, and the temperature and humidity data of the detection points in the same layer or column were basically the same. Under the condition of snow(rain turned to snow on the 6 th day of the experiment), the moisture content of corn decreased from 27.12% to 14.60% within 18 days. The number of fungal spores carried by corn was kept within the critical range of fungal growth which achieved the goal of short-term safe storage. Therefore, it is feasible to dehydrate high moisture corn by adopting rotating air drying barn. The dewatering effect is uniform and efficient, which effectively ensures the grain free from heat and mildew. Moreover, the method of rotary ventilation drying does not use coal or gas burning which meets the new requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development in China. With significant economic and social benefits. The self-developed rotating air drying barn can be popularized and applied in big farmers’ corn drying and short-term safe storage.