从斗法看《降魔变文》对《西游记》影响

Influences of "Devil and Devil" on "Journey to the West" from the Perspective of Competition

《降魔变文》是敦煌变文中的一篇,通过舍利弗与外道六师的斗法情节,彰显佛教神通的无所不能。《西游记》作为积累型的传世文学,也受到《降魔变文》的影响,斗法环节尤为突出。通过这两种斗法情节的对比,可以窥探《西游记》继承发展了《降魔变文》的斗法情节,斗法的胜利不是单纯以传播宗教为目的,在明代黑暗的社会背景下,被赋予诙谐、讽刺的色彩,由此可以看出宗教故事的传播方式在传承过程中经历的变化与发展,其实是当时社会思想环境的映射。

"Devil and Devil", an article in Dunhuang’s variant, reveals the power of Buddhist magic through the competition between Sheriff and the sixth externalists. As an accumulated masterpiece, Journey to the West has also been influenced by the "Devils and Devils", and its plot of magic competition is particularly prominent. Through the comparison of magic competition plot between two books, we can discover "Journey to the West" ’s inheritance from and development of the "Devils and Devils".Spreading religion is not the only goal of competition. In the dark social context of the Ming Dynasty, it was given a witty and ironic color. It can be seen that the changes and development experienced in the spreading of religious stories in the process of inheritance are actually the reflection of social and ideological environment at that time.