晚清民国乌鲁木齐地区村落类型与社会治理——以个案分析为中心

Type of Village and Social Governance in Urumqi Region during the Late Qing Dynasty and Republic of China——Centered on Case Analysis

晚清民国乌鲁木齐地区的村落,根据人口结构不同,可以分为宗族、地理相近与地理相错三种类型。由于三种类型村落的自治程度不同,造成了政府对其治理方式上存在区别,也突出了国家对其控制力上存在差别。文章主要以村落个案分析为中心,针对每种类型的村落,以个案的形式说明村落类型与治理之间的关系及反映出的乡村社会治理的空间差异性。

Villages in the Urumqi region during the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China can be divided into three types according to different population structures:One is the type where villagers were from the same clan,the other is the type where villagers were from the same region or close regions,the third is the type where villagers were from different regions.Due to the different levels of autonomy of the three types of villages,there are differences in the way the government governed them,and it also reflects differences in the state's control over them.This article mainly focuses on case analysis.For each type of village,it illustrates the relationship between village type and governance in a case-by-case manner and reflects the spatial differences in rural social governance.