晚期早产的影响因素及分娩方式对新生儿预后的影响

Factors influencing late preterm birth and effects of delivery methods on neonatal prognosis

目的探究晚期早产的影响因素及分娩方式对新生儿预后的影响。方法选取2015年3月至2018年7月在本院分娩的产妇1180例,按照产妇分娩孕周不同分成两组,其中34~36周分娩产妇260例纳为观察组,37~42周分娩产妇920例纳为对照组,利用卡方检验及非条件多项logistic回归分析检验对晚期早产的影响因素进行分析,并对比不同分娩方式对新生儿预后的影响。结果经卡方检验及非条件多项logistic回归分析检验证实,前置胎盘、高血压、多胎、胎盘早剥、胎膜早破、羊水异常等均可能是晚期早产的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05);对照组、观察组剖宫产新生儿预后并发症(感染除外)明显多于阴道分娩新生儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论晚期早产的危险因素较多,临床需格外注意,条件允许的情况下尽可能地选择阴道分娩。

Objective To investigate the factors influencing late preterm birth and the effects of delivery methods on neonatal prognosis.Methods A total of 1180 women who gave birth in our hospital from March,2015 to July,2018 were divided into an observation group(n=260),who gave birth when they were 34-36 weeks pregnant,and a control group(n=920),who gave birth when they were 37-42 weeks pregnant,according to the gestational weeks of delivery.Chi-square test and non-conditional multiple logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of late preterm birth,and the effects of different delivery methods on neonatal prognosis were compared.Results Chi-square test and unconditional logistic regression analysis confirmed that placenta previa,hypertension,multiple births,placental abruption,premature rupture of membranes,and amniotic fluid abnormalities might be risk factors for advanced preterm birth(all OR>1,all P<0.05).The incidence of prognosis complications(except infection)of the cesarean section in the control group and the observation group was significantly higher than that of the vaginal delivery,with a statistical difference(P<0.05).Conclusion There are many risk factors for advanced preterm labor.If possible,vaginal delivery should be the first choice.