清末民初黄天教在东北地区的传播活动考略

黄天教传入东北应不迟于光绪末年,策源地是吉林紫霞宫。延至民初,黄天教教徒人数已达五万,成为东北最大民间教门。独特的组织结构、精心的传教策略、宽松的政策环境是黄天教得以在东北迅速蔓延的重要原因。黄天教教首除敛财渔色之外,还参与清室复辟和自立称帝等政治活动,加剧了清末以来东北的社会分裂,对民初东北的社会秩序重建形成一定的消极影响。

Huangtian religion was spread into Northeast China not later than the end of Guangxu,and its origin was Zixia Palace in Jilin Province.By the beginning of the Republic of China,the number of Huangtian religion believers had reached 50000,and it became the largest folk sect in Northeast China.The unique organizational structure,elaborate missionary strategy and loose policy environment are the important reasons for the rapid spread of Huangtian religion in the northeast.In addition to accumulating wealth and seeking carnal pleasure,the leaders of Huangtian religion also participated in political activities such as the restoration of the Qing Dynasty and proclaiming themselves emperor,which aggravated the social division in Northeast China since the late Qing Dynasty and had a certain negative impact on the reconstruction of social order in Northeast China in the early Republic of China.