生态保护补偿标准的结构优化与制度完善--以“结构-功能分析”为进路

Structural Optimization and Institutional Improvement of Eco-compensation Standards--Based on the Method of “Structure-Function Analysis”

我国生态保护补偿标准体系在形成过程中,受到了多元化补偿方式的外部结构与"成本为主"的内部结构制约,使得补偿标准体系虽然具有明确补偿水平、推进生态保护补偿实施的显正功能和配置生态保护补偿责、权、利的潜正功能,却也不可避免地带有固化补偿标准、侵犯个人权益的潜负功能。在明确生态保护补偿标准结构约束与功能选择之间因果联系的基础上,以习近平生态文明思想为依托和指南,以限制其负功能为目的,优化其结构、完善其制度。建立多元补偿标准间的结构性衔接制度,优化其外部结构;完善生态系统服务价值的结构性补偿制度,破解其内部结构局限,使之结构衔接、制度完备,在发挥其正功能的同时限制和消解其负功能。

China’s eco-compensation standard system was constrained by the multiple compensation methods’ external structure and cost-based internal structure in its formation.Although this makes the compensation standard system have positive function to clear compensation level,promote the implementation of eco-compensation,and a potential positive function to allocate the responsibility for eco-compensation,it also inevitably has a potential negative function to solidify the compensation standard and infringe on personal rights.On the basis of clarifying the causal relationship between structural constraints and functional choices of eco-compensation standards,based on Xi Jinping’s Thoughts of Ecological Civilization,with the aim of limiting its negative functions,optimize its structure and improve its institution.Establish a structural connection system between multiple compensation standards to optimize its external structure;improve the structural compensation institution of ecosystem service value to break down its internal structural limitations,so that its structure is connected and the institution is complete,and its negative function is limited and eliminated while exerting its positive function.