额尔齐斯河银鲫繁殖生物学研究

REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF CARASSIUS AURATUS GIBELIO IN THE IRTYSH RIVER,CHINA

2013年4—10月在额尔齐斯河中国段下游采集了546尾银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)样本,依据传统生物学和组织学方法,对额尔齐斯河银鲫的繁殖生物学特性进行了分析和研究。统计表明,额尔齐斯河银鲫的性比(雌/雄)为10.84﹕1。根据卵母细胞和精细胞发育及比例情况,将银鲫卵巢和精巢发育分别划分为6期。依据不同性腺发育期比例、性体指数和卵径频率分布,推测银鲫为同步产卵鱼类,繁殖期为5—7月,6月为高峰期。采用Logistic回归方程获得其初次性成熟体长(SL50)和年龄(A50)分别为:雌鱼161 mm和2.3龄;雄鱼135 mm和1.9龄。绝对繁殖力为(42453±28205)粒,相对繁殖力为(98.19±34.6)粒/g。绝对繁殖力与体长线性相关性较低,与体重呈幂指数相关,但与年龄及卵巢重的相关性不显著。研究进一步丰富了额尔齐斯河银鲫生物学研究资料,为其资源养护和可持续利用提供科学依据。

The reproductive biology of Carassius auratus gibelio was studied with 546 fish collected from the lower reaches of the Irtysh River in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from April to October 2013.The overall sex ratio(F/M)was 10.84:1.The development of gonads can be divided into six periods according to their histological characteristics.The monthly variation in the proportion of gonads at each macroscopic maturity stage and gonadosomatic index(GSI)indicated that C.auratus gibelio spawns once a year and that its spawning season is from May to July,with peak spawning occurring in June.The estimated standard lengths(SL50)and ages(A50)at first sexual maturity for females and males were 161 and 135 mm and 2.3 and 1.9 years,respectively.The absolute fecundity(AF)of C.auratus gibelio was 42453 eggs per fish,and the relative fecundity(RF)was 98.19 eggs per gram of body weight(BW).The absolute fecundity had a linear relationship with body length and a power function relationship with weight but no significant correlation with age or ovary weight.This study further enriches the biological data available for C.auratus gibelio and provides a scientific basis for the protection and sustainable utilization of C.auratus gibelio resources in the Irtysh River.