消费社会的资源-环境代价--“2019中国人文社会科学环境论坛”研讨综述

The Resource and Environmental Cost of the Consumer Society: A Review on the "2019 Chinese Humanity and Social Sciences Environment Forum"

随着中国经济的高速发展,中国社会从20世纪末开始步入"消费社会",这种社会形态的转变既意味着巨大的福祉,也伴随着巨量的资源消耗、沉重的环境代价,并产生越来越大的全球生态效应。多个学科的学者从多个角度对此进行了广泛探讨,既有社会转型意义上的消费社会的意蕴和异化消费、消费结构演变及其宏观的生态足迹、影响资源环境效应的诸多要素,也包含食物、住房、汽车等主要消费品的实际消费状况和资源环境代价以及作为这些问题最终归结的"垃圾问题"。关于出路的寻找既涉及技术路线层面的"绿色消费"、消费者向"环境公民"的转变,也指向实质性的"文明的彻底转型"。围绕多个议题的报告和讨论既充满了洞见,也凸显了已有研究的空白和不足,这将成为今后研究的参考。

With the rapid development of China’s economy,Chinese society has stepped into a "consumer society" since the end of 20 century. The transformation of this social form not only means great well-being,but also with the huge consumption of resources,resulting in heavy environmental costs,and producing more and more global ecological effects. Scholars from multi-disciplines made extensive discussions on this from various perspectives, including the implication of consumer society in the sense of social transformation,dissimilated consumption,the evolution of consumption structure and its macro ecological footprint,factors affecting the effects of resources and environment,as well as the actual consumption status and resources and environmental costs of major consumer goods such as food,housing,automobiles,etc.,and as the ultimate end of the above,the " garbage problem". The search for a way out involves not only the " green consumption" following the technological route,the transformation from consumers to "environmental citizens",but also the substantial " thorough transformation of civilization". The reports and discussions on multiple topics are full of insights,but also highlight the gaps and shortcomings of existing research,which is bound to be a reference for future research.