滇池湖滨湿地不同挺水植物区沉积物细菌群落结构特征

Characteristics of Bacterial Community Structure in Sediments With Different Emergent Plants in Dianchi Lakeside Wetland.

滇池湖滨湿地在削减入湖面源污染和维持生态多样性等方面起着重要作用。通过高通量测序技术考察解析滇池斗南湿地菖蒲(Acorus calamus)、芦苇(Phragmites communis)和美人蕉(Canna indica)3种代表性挺水植物根区沉积物的细菌群落结构特征,并结合冗余分析考察环境因子对细菌群落结构的影响。结果表明:门水平上相对丰度较大的细菌为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)。属水平上相对丰度较大的是厌氧绳菌科(Anaerolineaceae)下的未知属和假单胞菌(Pseudomonas)。菖蒲区沉积物细菌群落丰富度和多样性均最大,芦苇区细菌群落丰富度大于美人蕉区,但多样性小于美人蕉区。相同植物不同采样区沉积物细菌群落结构较相似,但不同植物区菌群结构差异较大,表明植物种类对细菌群落特征具有显著影响。相较于硝态氮和铵态氮含量,速效磷和有机质含量对细菌群落α和β多样性影响更大。

Wetlands constructed beside Dianchi Lake play important roles in reducing non-point source pollution and maintaining the ecological diversity.In this study,high-throughput sequencing technology was used to reveal the bacterial community structures in the sediments grown with three representative emergent plants,Acorus calamus,Phragmites communis and Canna indica in Dounan Wetland beside Dianchi Lake.The results show that the bacteria occupying relatively high abundance at the phylum level were Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi,Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria.At the genus level,the dominant bacteria were the unknown genus belonging to Anaerolineaceae and Pseudomonas.The richness and diversity of the bacterial communities in sediment with Acorus calamus were the largest.The bacterial richness in sediment with Phragmites communis was higher than that with Canna indica,but the diversity was lower.The bacterial community structure in sediments from different sampling points with the same macrophyte was similar,but was greatly different in those with different macrophytes,indicating that plant species had a significant effect on sediment bacterial community characteristics.The contents of available phosphorus and organic matter had a greater effect onαandβdiversities of the sediment bacterial communities compared with nitrate and ammonium contents.