几种用于3D打印的高分子材料的性能对比

Performance Comparison of Several Polymer Materials Used for 3D Printing

以2种商用3D打印材料(2种PLA)为主要研究对象,同时选取了2种性能相近的高分子材料(PP、POM),分别对其热性能、结晶性能和流变性能进行了表征。实验结果表明,PLA、PP、POM的分解温度均大于300℃,因此,在3D打印的温度下,均不会发生降解;PLA、PP、POM均属于非牛顿流体,POM的非牛顿指数n值相对较大,更接近牛顿流体;PLA的Eη最大,流动相对困难。在DSC降温测试过程中,当降温速率较低时,PLA才会结晶,但PP和POM结晶相对容易。结晶动力学结果表明,Ozawa理论适用于2#PLA和PP,而并不适用于POM。将1#PLA与3#PP进行3D打印测试,结果表明,3#PP翘曲现象严重,可在PP中添加粉体,满足3D打印需要。

Materials were the main restricting factor for the development of 3D printing.Two kinds of commercial 3D printing materials(two kinds of PLA)and two types of similar performance polymers were chosen as the roar materials.The heat property,crystallization,and rheological property were characterized.The results had shown that the decomposition temperatures of PLA,PP and POM were all higher than 300℃,so no degradation occured at 3D printing temperature.PLA,PP and POM were all non-newtonian fluid.POM had the largest non-newtonian exponent.PLA had the highest viscose flow activation energy.In the DSC cooling-down test,PP and POM could crystallize easily,PLA could crystallize only when cooling rate was slow enough.The crystallization kinetics confirmed that Ozawa theory was applicable to 2#PLA and PP,but not to POM.The 3D printing test of 1#PLA and 3#PP were carried out,and it was found that the warpage phenomenon was serious of 3#PP.In the future,powder could be added to PP to meet the needs of 3D printing.