农村教师行业内的职业经历变更:职初工资的作用

Teacher Transfer within the Teaching Profession:The Role of Starting Salaries on the First Job Duration in Rural School

利用甘肃基础教育调查逾千名农村教师的微观个体数据,本文在职业选择与流动的经济理性视角下,分析了职初工资对教师首次行业内工作单位变动和首份教职工作持续时间长度的影响。根据教师职业经历变更历史及其原因,笔者剔除了行政调动样本,进而集中分析由教师自主发起的第一次工作经历变更。基于概率回归和生存分析的结果显示:首份教职工作的起始工资对教师主动发起的工作单位变动概率和首份教职的持续时间的影响具有非线性特征,只有职初工资达到一定阈限后,才能有效降低农村教师主动发起工作单位变更的概率和延长教师在首份工作上的停留时间;而且,任职于贫困县(区)的教师在首份工作岗位上的停留时间受起始工资的影响更明显。本文对边远艰苦或贫困地区的乡村教师队伍建设具有参考价值。

Based on the Gansu Survey of Children and Families,this article tests the effect of beginning salaries on teachers’ first job transfers in rural Gansu.Probability regression and survival(duration) analysis techniques are employed for estimations.Research findings are briefly summarized as below,(a) other conditions being equal,for the self-initiated first job transition occurred,the incidence of relocating is significantly and nonlinearly affected by teachers’ starting salaries;(b) length accrued on the first teaching position can be prolonged once teachers initial monthly earnings are above 850 RMB measured by 2007 value,and teachers working in poor regions benefit more for higher starting earnings in terms of lengthening survival time span of the first job.The policy implications for this study are obvious with regard to staffing the hard-tofill positions in undesirable regions and the feasible way to help the poor areas walking out of poverty by educating the local young by paying teachers more at the very beginning of their careers.